Prijedlozi - Prepositions
Prijedlozi u engleskom jeziku imaju posebnu važnost jer padeži nemaju svoje nastavke.
Prijedlozi se dijele na:
- prijedloge za mjesto: at (u, na, kod, pri), to (u, ka, prema), in (u), into (u), on (na), between (između), in front of (ispred), before (ispred), above (iznad), behind (iza), under (ispod) i dr;
- prijedloge za vrijeme: before (pre), after (posle), since (od), on (u) i dr;
- prijedloge za očuvanje porijekla, uzroka, cilja: from (od), by (od), through (pomoću), towards (prema);
- prijedloge za sredstva: by (od, pomoću), in (u), with (s, sa), without (bez).
Prijedlozi mogu biti složeni, tj. sastavljeni su od više riječi: into (u), upon (na), within (u), outside (napolju), throughout (skroz).
Posle prijedloga uvijek slijedi "imenica", a nikad glagol. Pod "imenica" mislimo na:
imenice (dog, money, house, love);
lične imenice (Sarajevo, Zagreb, Beograd, Edin, Mary);
zamjenice (you, him, us);
grupne imenice (my first job, your blue book);
gerund (swimming).
Pošto posle prijedloga ne može ići glagol, a ako to želimo onda moramo koristiti "-ing" oblik koji je ustvari gerund ili glagolska imenica.
| subjekat + glagol | prijedlog | "imenica" |
| The food is | on | the table. |
| She lives | in | Japan. |
| Mary is looking | for | you. |
| The letter is | under | your blue book. |
| Pascal is used | to | English people. |
| She isn't used | to | working. |
| I ate | before | coming. |
Upotreba nekih glavnih prijedloga:
of - he is a friend of mine (on je moj prijatelj)
what are you thinking of? (o čemu mislite?)
from - where did you came from? (odakle ste?)
whom did you get this book from? (od koga ste dobili ovu knjigu)
I translated this from English into Serbian (preveo sam to sa engleskog na srpski)
to - I get into my office every morning (svako jutro idem u kancelariju)
we went to see him (pošli smo da ga posjetimo)
I want to tell you the truth (želim da vam kažem istinu)
at - the family is at dinner (porodica ruča)
she is at the dressmaker's (ona je kod krojačice)
he is standing at the door (on stoji kod vrata)
in - I live in Kragujevac (živim u Kragujevcu)
my money is in my pocket (moj novac je u džepu)
I'll be back in a minute (vraćam se za minut)
into - he came into the room (ušao je u sobu)
I put the money into my pocket (stavio sam novac u džep)
about - what are you talking about? (o čemu pričate)
she walked about the house (hodala je po kući)
it's about seven o'clock (oko sedam je sati)
I was about to go home when she came (upravo sam htio da odem kad je ona došla)
since - I haven't seen you since last Friday (nisam vas video od prošlog petka)
for - I haven't seen you for ages (nisam vas video od odavno)
I waited for an hour (čekao sam jedan sat)
I did it for you (to sam za vas učinio)
except - there was no one at the conference except the president (niko sem predsjednika nije bio na konferenciji)
between - what is between you and her (šta je između tebe i nje)
there is great difference between words and deeds (velika je razlika između riječi i djela)
among - you will find some interesting girls among this students (naći ćete interesantne djevojke među ovim studentkinjama)
before - she stood before the door waiting (stajala je pred vratima i čekala)
came before eight o'clock (dođi prije osam)
beyond - this is beyond my understanding (to ne mogu da shvatim)
his house stands beyond that road (njegova kuća se nalazi iznad ovog puta)
without - I shall be lonely without you (bit ću usamljen bez vas)
she left without saying good-bye (otišla je bez zbogom)
towards - they came to the house (prišli su kući)
until - I shall wait until day come (čekat ću dok oni dođu)
till - I have been waiting for you till now (sve do sada sam vas čekao)
with - will you take me with you (hoćete li me povesti sa sobom)
the proposal was approved with great majority (prijedlog je prihvaćen velikom većinom)
I cannot remain with him any longer (ne mogu više ostati s njim)
he cut himself with a knife (posjekao se nožem)
regarding - what have you done regarding this report? (šta ste učinili u vezi sa ovim izvještajem)
Pored ovih predloga u engleskom jeziku imamo i tzv. predložne fraze (prepositional frases):
in spite of (uprkos)
in front of (ispred)
according to (prema)
because of (zbog)
on account of (radi)
by means of (pomoću)
There was a pool in front of his house. (pred njegovom kućom se nalazio bazen)
This is not truth in spite of what he has said. (to nije istina uprkos tome što je on rekao)
